{
 "database": "PubMed (NCBI E-utilities esearch/efetch)",
 "retrieved": "2026-10-17 (ET)",
 "note": "Jabbit searches for /research/cjc-1295-ipamorelin-growth-hormone-teardown.html. Counts are as returned on the retrieval date.",
 "searches": [
  {
   "key": "cjc_all",
   "query": "\"CJC-1295\"[tiab] OR \"CJC 1295\"[tiab] OR CJC1295[tiab] OR \"DAC:GRF\"[tiab] OR \"DAC-GRF\"[tiab]",
   "count": 35,
   "note": "3 records report giving CJC-1295 (all with DAC) to people: PMIDs 16352683, 17018654, 19386527. Most others are doping-control detection methods or reviews.",
   "pmids": [
    "42876013",
    "42862021",
    "42578445",
    "42395176",
    "42160466",
    "42123471",
    "42021992",
    "41966639",
    "41880199",
    "41490200",
    "41476424",
    "41138283",
    "38197510",
    "37806509",
    "38716080",
    "35298973",
    "34736642",
    "34665524",
    "32971474",
    "30938069",
    "30489688",
    "27710891",
    "26879649",
    "26771670",
    "26382721",
    "25382550",
    "23318763",
    "21871962",
    "21204297",
    "19386527",
    "19332789",
    "17018654",
    "16822960",
    "16352683",
    "15817669"
   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "cjc_trial",
   "query": "(\"CJC-1295\"[tiab] OR \"CJC 1295\"[tiab] OR CJC1295[tiab] OR \"DAC:GRF\"[tiab]) AND (clinical trial[pt] OR randomized controlled trial[pt])",
   "count": 2,
   "note": "Teichman 2006 and Ionescu & Frohman 2006, both healthy volunteers, both CJC-1295 with DAC.",
   "pmids": [
    "17018654",
    "16352683"
   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "modgrf",
   "query": "\"modified GRF\"[tiab] OR \"Mod GRF\"[tiab] OR \"tetrasubstituted GRF\"[tiab] OR \"tetra-substituted GRF\"[tiab] OR \"GRF(1-29) tetrasubstituted\"[tiab]",
   "count": 5,
   "note": "No study of \"modified GRF (1-29)\" / CJC-1295 without DAC in people. The only on-topic hit (PMID 30136411) analyzes seized doping material; the rest are unrelated text matches.",
   "pmids": [
    "38996639",
    "30136411",
    "29851844",
    "27722075",
    "27537844"
   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "ipa_all",
   "query": "ipamorelin[tiab] OR \"NNC 26-0161\"[tiab]",
   "count": 51,
   "note": "Human dosing studies: Gobburu 1999 (healthy men, IV) and Beck 2014 (bowel surgery, IV). No subcutaneous human study.",
   "pmids": [
    "42862021",
    "42578445",
    "42395176",
    "42160466",
    "42123471",
    "42021992",
    "41966639",
    "41880199",
    "41490200",
    "41476424",
    "39043357",
    "38996787",
    "32801950",
    "32257855",
    "30282322",
    "30168238",
    "30136411",
    "29864719",
    "27497113",
    "26811125",
    "26578461",
    "26472487",
    "25869809",
    "25331030",
    "24574167",
    "23318763",
    "23101768",
    "22901302",
    "27186127",
    "21298258",
    "19289567",
    "19231263",
    "16648303",
    "15665799",
    "15556068",
    "14630569",
    "12204475",
    "12168778",
    "11735244",
    "11459660",
    "11322495",
    "11162489",
    "10828840",
    "10629165",
    "10496658",
    "10427162",
    "10373343",
    "9879640",
    "9849822",
    "9733496",
    "9733495"
   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "ipa_trial",
   "query": "(ipamorelin[tiab]) AND (clinical trial[pt] OR randomized controlled trial[pt])",
   "count": 2,
   "note": "Both intravenous.",
   "pmids": [
    "25331030",
    "10496658"
   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "ipa_human",
   "query": "ipamorelin[tiab] AND humans[mh]",
   "count": 25,
   "note": "MeSH \"Humans\" tag; mostly reviews and doping-detection papers.",
   "pmids": [
    "42862021",
    "42395176",
    "42160466",
    "42123471",
    "41966639",
    "41880199",
    "41490200",
    "41476424",
    "30282322",
    "30168238",
    "29864719",
    "27497113",
    "26811125",
    "26578461",
    "26472487",
    "25869809",
    "25331030",
    "24574167",
    "23101768",
    "22901302",
    "21298258",
    "15556068",
    "14630569",
    "10496658",
    "10427162"
   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "combo",
   "query": "(ipamorelin[tiab]) AND (\"CJC-1295\"[tiab] OR CJC1295[tiab] OR \"CJC 1295\"[tiab] OR \"GRF\"[tiab] OR GHRH[tiab] OR \"modified GRF\"[tiab])",
   "count": 16,
   "note": "None is a trial of ipamorelin combined with CJC-1295 or any GHRH analog in people: 10 are 2026 reviews, the rest rat studies or doping-control methods.",
   "pmids": [
    "42862021",
    "42578445",
    "42395176",
    "42160466",
    "42123471",
    "42021992",
    "41966639",
    "41880199",
    "41490200",
    "41476424",
    "30136411",
    "23318763",
    "12168778",
    "10629165",
    "10373343",
    "9849822"
   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "tesa_all",
   "query": "tesamorelin[tiab] OR \"TH9507\"[tiab] OR egrifta[tiab]",
   "count": 105,
   "note": "Tesamorelin (Egrifta), FDA-approved; for comparison.",
   "pmids": [
    "42862021",
    "42538058",
    "42419889",
    "42395176",
    "42382101",
    "42160466",
    "42139091",
    "42123471",
    "42018810",
    "41966639",
    "41598480",
    "41545261",
    "41490200",
    "41476424",
    "41138283",
    "40510111",
    "40397552",
    "39813152",
    "39746672",
    "38905488",
    "38416754",
    "38197510",
    "37806509",
    "36845310",
    "36165079",
    "38716080",
    "35298973",
    "35137140",
    "34665524",
    "34588764",
    "34006921",
    "33852720",
    "33756511",
    "32971474",
    "32701508",
    "32270862",
    "31840988",
    "31611038",
    "31611037",
    "31237318",
    "30804324",
    "31644039",
    "29031905",
    "28832410",
    "28793863",
    "28617838",
    "28477736",
    "30920787",
    "30896908",
    "30896905",
    "27192539",
    "26879649",
    "26457580",
    "26382721",
    "25895899",
    "25358450",
    "25038357",
    "24178787",
    "24054930",
    "27121785",
    "23689947",
    "23657561",
    "23015655",
    "22926095",
    "22869065",
    "22748602",
    "22701839",
    "22495074",
    "22298602",
    "22096409",
    "22050344",
    "21695284",
    "21687371",
    "21668043",
    "21591600",
    "21531600",
    "21516030",
    "21283099",
    "21265979",
    "30764032",
    "21124215",
    "21115997",
    "20943777",
    "20872317",
    "20554713",
    "20216906",
    "20101189",
    "19243281",
    "18828236",
    "18724445",
    "18690162",
    "18069152",
    "18057338",
    "17575575",
    "17571443",
    "17214611",
    "17086939",
    "16395422",
    "16273137",
    "16179960",
    "16082422",
    "16052083",
    "15538546",
    "15319815",
    "15113616"
   ]
  },
  {
   "key": "tesa_trial",
   "query": "(tesamorelin[tiab] OR \"TH9507\"[tiab] OR egrifta[tiab]) AND (clinical trial[pt] OR randomized controlled trial[pt])",
   "count": 24,
   "note": "Tesamorelin trials with Clinical Trial or RCT publication type.",
   "pmids": [
    "39813152",
    "38905488",
    "33852720",
    "32701508",
    "32270862",
    "31611038",
    "31237318",
    "29031905",
    "28617838",
    "26457580",
    "25895899",
    "25358450",
    "25038357",
    "24178787",
    "23689947",
    "23015655",
    "22869065",
    "22495074",
    "21531600",
    "21516030",
    "20101189",
    "18690162",
    "18057338",
    "16052083"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "records": [
  {
   "pmid": "9733495",
   "year": "1998",
   "title": "A new series of highly potent growth hormone-releasing peptides derived from ipamorelin.",
   "journal": "J Med Chem",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "9733496",
   "year": "1998",
   "title": "Novel orally active growth hormone secretagogues.",
   "journal": "J Med Chem",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "9849822",
   "year": "1998",
   "title": "Ipamorelin, the first selective growth hormone secretagogue.",
   "journal": "Eur J Endocrinol",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "9879640",
   "year": "1998",
   "title": "Pharmacokinetic evaluation of ipamorelin and other peptidyl growth hormone secretagogues with emphasis on nasal absorption.",
   "journal": "Xenobiotica",
   "publication_types": [
    "Comparative Study",
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "10373343",
   "year": "1999",
   "title": "Ipamorelin, a new growth-hormone-releasing peptide, induces longitudinal bone growth in rats.",
   "journal": "Growth Horm IGF Res",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article",
    "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "10427162",
   "year": "1999",
   "title": "Pharmacological characterisation of a new oral GH secretagogue, NN703.",
   "journal": "Eur J Endocrinol",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "10496658",
   "year": "1999",
   "title": "Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of ipamorelin, a growth hormone releasing peptide, in human volunteers.",
   "journal": "Pharm Res",
   "publication_types": [
    "Clinical Trial",
    "Journal Article",
    "Randomized Controlled Trial"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "10629165",
   "year": "1999",
   "title": "Methylprednisolone does not inhibit the release of growth hormone after intravenous injection of a novel growth hormone secretagogue in rats.",
   "journal": "Growth Horm IGF Res",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article",
    "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "10828840",
   "year": "2000",
   "title": "The GH secretagogues ipamorelin and GH-releasing peptide-6 increase bone mineral content in adult female rats.",
   "journal": "J Endocrinol",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article",
    "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "11162489",
   "year": "2001",
   "title": "Growth hormone (GH)-independent stimulation of adiposity by GH secretagogues.",
   "journal": "Biochem Biophys Res Commun",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article",
    "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "11322495",
   "year": "2001",
   "title": "Do growth hormone-releasing peptides act as ghrelin secretagogues?",
   "journal": "Endocrine",
   "publication_types": [
    "Comparative Study",
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "11459660",
   "year": "2001",
   "title": "Highly potent growth hormone secretagogues: hybrids of NN703 and ipamorelin.",
   "journal": "Bioorg Med Chem Lett",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "11735244",
   "year": "2001",
   "title": "The growth hormone secretagogue ipamorelin counteracts glucocorticoid-induced decrease in bone formation of adult rats.",
   "journal": "Growth Horm IGF Res",
   "publication_types": [
    "Comparative Study",
    "Journal Article",
    "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "12168778",
   "year": "2002",
   "title": "Influence of chronic treatment with the growth hormone secretagogue Ipamorelin, in young female rats: somatotroph response in vitro.",
   "journal": "Histol Histopathol",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article",
    "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "12204475",
   "year": "2002",
   "title": "The influence of conformational restriction in the C-terminus of growth hormone secretagogues on their potency.",
   "journal": "Eur J Med Chem",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "14630569",
   "year": "2003",
   "title": "Growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion and GH receptor resistance in streptozotocin diabetic mice in response to a GH secretagogue.",
   "journal": "Exp Diabesity Res",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article",
    "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "15113616",
   "year": "2004",
   "title": "Pulmonary delivery of TH9507, a growth hormone releasing factor analogue, in the dog.",
   "journal": "Int J Pharm",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "15319815",
   "year": "2004",
   "title": "Gateways to clinical trials.",
   "journal": "Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol",
   "publication_types": [
    "Bibliography",
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "15538546",
   "year": "2004",
   "title": "Gateways to clinical trials.",
   "journal": "Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article",
    "Review"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "15556068",
   "year": "2004",
   "title": "Stimulation of growth hormone secretion from seabream pituitary cells in primary culture by growth hormone secretagogues is independent of growth hormone transcription.",
   "journal": "Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article",
    "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "15665799",
   "year": "2004",
   "title": "Mechanism of ipamorelin-evoked insulin release from the pancreas of normal and diabetic rats.",
   "journal": "Neuro Endocrinol Lett",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article",
    "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "15817669",
   "year": "2005",
   "title": "Human growth hormone-releasing factor (hGRF)1-29-albumin bioconjugates activate the GRF receptor on the anterior pituitary in rats: identification of CJC-1295 as a long-lasting GRF analog.",
   "journal": "Endocrinology",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "16052083",
   "year": "2005",
   "title": "A placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study of a growth hormone releasing factor in HIV-infected patients with abdominal fat accumulation.",
   "journal": "AIDS",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article",
    "Randomized Controlled Trial",
    "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "16082422",
   "year": "2005",
   "title": "Gateways to clinical trials.",
   "journal": "Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol",
   "publication_types": [
    "Bibliography",
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "16179960",
   "year": "2005",
   "title": "Gateways to clinical trials.",
   "journal": "Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol",
   "publication_types": [
    "Bibliography",
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "16273137",
   "year": "2005",
   "title": "Gateways to clinical trials.",
   "journal": "Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "16395422",
   "year": "2005",
   "title": "Gateways to clinical trials.",
   "journal": "Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol",
   "publication_types": [
    "Bibliography",
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "16352683",
   "year": "2006",
   "title": "Prolonged stimulation of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I secretion by CJC-1295, a long-acting analog of GH-releasing hormone, in healthy adults.",
   "journal": "J Clin Endocrinol Metab",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article",
    "Randomized Controlled Trial",
    "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "16648303",
   "year": "2006",
   "title": "Seabream ghrelin: cDNA cloning, genomic organization and promoter studies.",
   "journal": "J Endocrinol",
   "publication_types": [
    "Comparative Study",
    "Journal Article",
    "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "16822960",
   "year": "2006",
   "title": "Once-daily administration of CJC-1295, a long-acting growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog, normalizes growth in the GHRH knockout mouse.",
   "journal": "Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "17018654",
   "year": "2006",
   "title": "Pulsatile secretion of growth hormone (GH) persists during continuous stimulation by CJC-1295, a long-acting GH-releasing hormone analog.",
   "journal": "J Clin Endocrinol Metab",
   "publication_types": [
    "Clinical Trial",
    "Journal Article",
    "Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural",
    "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "17086939",
   "year": "2006",
   "title": "Drug evaluation: tesamorelin, a synthetic human growth hormone releasing factor.",
   "journal": "Curr Opin Investig Drugs",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article",
    "Review"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "17214611",
   "year": "2007",
   "title": "Non-clinical pharmacology and safety evaluation of TH9507, a human growth hormone-releasing factor analogue.",
   "journal": "Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "17571443",
   "year": "2007",
   "title": "Side effects and complications. Clinical trials of tesamorelin in Canada.",
   "journal": "TreatmentUpdate",
   "publication_types": [
    "Newspaper Article",
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "17575575",
   "year": "2007",
   "title": "Side effects and complications. Tesamorelin--results from Phase III.",
   "journal": "TreatmentUpdate",
   "publication_types": [
    "Newspaper Article",
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "18057338",
   "year": "2007",
   "title": "Metabolic effects of a growth hormone-releasing factor in patients with HIV.",
   "journal": "N Engl J Med",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article",
    "Multicenter Study",
    "Randomized Controlled Trial",
    "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "18069152",
   "year": "2007",
   "title": "TH9507: an experimental treatment for lipodystrophy.",
   "journal": "BETA",
   "publication_types": [
    "Newspaper Article",
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "18690162",
   "year": "2008",
   "title": "Long-term safety and effects of tesamorelin, a growth hormone-releasing factor analogue, in HIV patients with abdominal fat accumulation.",
   "journal": "AIDS",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article",
    "Randomized Controlled Trial",
    "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "18724445",
   "year": "2008",
   "title": "Tesamorelin for fat accumulation. 52-week effects and safety of tesamorelin (growth hormone releasing factor) in HIV patients with fat accumulation.",
   "journal": "Posit Aware",
   "publication_types": [
    "Newspaper Article",
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "18828236",
   "year": "2008",
   "title": "The next generation of human growth hormone. How Serostim and tesamorelin measure up.",
   "journal": "Posit Aware",
   "publication_types": [
    "Newspaper Article",
    "Journal Article"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "19231263",
   "year": "2009",
   "title": "Growth hormone and growth hormone secretagogue effects on nitrogen balance and urea synthesis in steroid treated rats.",
   "journal": "Growth Horm IGF Res",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article",
    "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "19243281",
   "year": "2009",
   "title": "Tesamorelin, a human growth hormone releasing factor analogue.",
   "journal": "Expert Opin Investig Drugs",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article",
    "Review"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "19289567",
   "year": "2009",
   "title": "Efficacy of ipamorelin, a novel ghrelin mimetic, in a rodent model of postoperative ileus.",
   "journal": "J Pharmacol Exp Ther",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article",
    "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "19332789",
   "year": "2009",
   "title": "Neuronal M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are essential for somatotroph proliferation and normal somatic growth.",
   "journal": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article",
    "Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "19386527",
   "year": "2009",
   "title": "Activation of the GH/IGF-1 axis by CJC-1295, a long-acting GHRH analog, results in serum protein profile changes in normal adult subjects.",
   "journal": "Growth Horm IGF Res",
   "publication_types": [
    "Journal Article",
    "Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural",
    "Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"
   ]
  },
  {
   "pmid": "20101189",
   "year": "2010",
   "title": "Effects of tesamorelin, a growth hormone-releasing factor, in HIV-infected patients with abdominal fat accumulation: a randomized placebo-controlled trial with a safety extension.",
   "journal": "J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr",
   "publication_types": [
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